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easy-arch/easy-arch.sh
Tommaso Chiti 8ff96d9a2d Logo.
2022-05-28 15:36:33 +02:00

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#!/usr/bin/env -S bash -e
# Cleaning the TTY.
clear
# Cosmetics (colours for text).
BOLD='\e[1m'
BRED='\e[91m'
BBLUE='\e[34m'
BGREEN='\e[92m'
BYELLOW='\e[93m'
RESET='\e[0m'
# Pretty print (function).
print () {
echo -ne "${BOLD}${BYELLOW}[ ${BGREEN}•${BYELLOW} ] $1${RESET}"
}
# Alert user of bad input (function).
incEcho () {
echo -e "${BOLD}${BRED}[ ${BBLUE}•${BRED} ] $1${RESET}"
}
# Virtualization check (function).
virt_check () {
hypervisor=$(systemd-detect-virt)
case $hypervisor in
kvm ) print "KVM has been detected, setting up guest tools."
pacstrap /mnt qemu-guest-agent &>/dev/null
systemctl enable qemu-guest-agent --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
;;
vmware ) print "VMWare Workstation/ESXi has been detected, setting up guest tools."
pacstrap /mnt open-vm-tools >/dev/null
systemctl enable vmtoolsd --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
systemctl enable vmware-vmblock-fuse --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
;;
oracle ) print "VirtualBox has been detected, setting up guest tools."
pacstrap /mnt virtualbox-guest-utils &>/dev/null
systemctl enable vboxservice --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
;;
microsoft ) print "Hyper-V has been detected, setting up guest tools."
pacstrap /mnt hyperv &>/dev/null
systemctl enable hv_fcopy_daemon --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
systemctl enable hv_kvp_daemon --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
systemctl enable hv_vss_daemon --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
;;
esac
}
# Selecting a kernel to install (function).
kernel_selector () {
print "List of kernels:"
print "1) Stable: Vanilla Linux kernel with a few specific Arch Linux patches applied"
print "2) Hardened: A security-focused Linux kernel"
print "3) Longterm: Long-term support (LTS) Linux kernel"
print "4) Zen Kernel: A Linux kernel optimized for desktop usage"
read -r -p "Please select the number of the corresponding kernel (e.g. 1): " kernel_choice
case $kernel_choice in
1 ) kernel="linux"
return 0;;
2 ) kernel="linux-hardened"
return 0;;
3 ) kernel="linux-lts"
return 0;;
4 ) kernel="linux-zen"
return 0;;
* ) incEcho "You did not enter a valid selection."
return 1
esac
}
# Selecting a way to handle internet connection (function).
network_selector () {
print "Network utilities:"
print "1) IWD: Utility to connect to networks written by Intel (WiFi-only, built-in DHCP client)"
print "2) NetworkManager: Universal network utility (both WiFi and Ethernet, highly recommended)"
print "3) wpa_supplicant: Utility with support for WEP and WPA/WPA2 (WiFi-only, DHCPCD will be automatically installed)"
print "4) dhcpcd: Basic DHCP client (Ethernet connections or VMs)"
print "5) I will do this on my own (only advanced users)"
read -r -p "Please select the number of the corresponding networking utility (e.g. 1): " network_choice
if ! ((1 <= network_choice <= 5)); then
incEcho "You did not enter a valid selection."
return 1
fi
return 0
}
# Installing the chosen networking method to the system (function).
network_installer () {
case $network_choice in
1 ) print "Installing IWD."
pacstrap /mnt iwd >/dev/null
print "Enabling IWD."
systemctl enable iwd --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
;;
2 ) print "Installing NetworkManager."
pacstrap /mnt networkmanager >/dev/null
print "Enabling NetworkManager."
systemctl enable NetworkManager --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
;;
3 ) print "Installing wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd."
pacstrap /mnt wpa_supplicant dhcpcd >/dev/null
print "Enabling wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd."
systemctl enable wpa_supplicant --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
systemctl enable dhcpcd --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
;;
4 ) print "Installing dhcpcd."
pacstrap /mnt dhcpcd >/dev/null
print "Enabling dhcpcd."
systemctl enable dhcpcd --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
esac
}
# User enters a password for the LUKS Container (function).
lukspass_selector () {
read -r -s -p "Insert the password for the LUKS container (you're not going to see the password): " password
if [[ -z "$password" ]]; then
incEcho "You need to enter a password for the LUKS Container in order to continue."
return 1
fi
read -r -s -p "Insert the password for the LUKS container again (you're not going to see the password): " password2
if [[ "$password" != "$password2" ]]; then
incEcho "Passwords don't match, please try again."
return 1
fi
return 0
}
# Setting up a password for the user account (function).
userpass_selector () {
read -r -p "Please enter name for a user account (enter empty to not create one): " username
if [[ -z "$username" ]]; then
return 0
fi
read -r -s -p "Insert a user password for $username (you're not going to see the password): " userpass
if [[ -z "$userpass" ]]; then
incEcho "You need to enter a password for $username in order to continue."
return 1
fi
read -r -s -p "Insert the password again (you're not going to see the password): " userpass2
if [[ "$userpass" != "$userpass2" ]]; then
incEcho "Passwords don't match, please try again."
return 1
fi
return 0
}
# Setting up a password for the root account (function).
rootpass_selector () {
read -r -s -p "Insert a user password for the root user (you're not going to see it): " rootpass
if [[ -z "$rootpass" ]]; then
incEcho "You need to enter a root password."
return 1
fi
read -r -s -p "Insert the password again (for double checking): " rootpass2
if [[ "$rootpass" != "$rootpass2" ]]; then
incEcho "Passwords don't match, try again."
return 1
fi
return 0
}
# Microcode detector (function).
microcode_detector () {
CPU=$(grep vendor_id /proc/cpuinfo)
if [[ "$CPU" == *"AuthenticAMD"* ]]; then
print "An AMD CPU has been detected, the AMD microcode will be installed."
microcode="amd-ucode"
else
print "An Intel CPU has been detected, the Intel microcode will be installed."
microcode="intel-ucode"
fi
}
# User enters a hostname (function).
hostname_selector () {
read -r -p "Please enter the hostname: " hostname
if [[ -z "$hostname" ]]; then
incEcho "You need to enter a hostname in order to continue."
return 1
fi
return 0
}
# User chooses the locale (function).
locale_selector () {
read -r -p "Please insert the locale you use (format: xx_XX. Enter empty to use en_US, or \"/\" to search locales): " locale
case $locale in
'') locale="en_US.UTF-8"
print "$locale will be the default locale."
return 0;;
'/') sed -E '/^# +|^#$/d;s/^#| *$//g;s/ .*/ (Charset:&)/' /etc/locale.gen | less -M
clear
return 1;;
*) if ! grep -q "^#\?$(sed 's/[].*[]/\\&/g' <<< $locale) " /etc/locale.gen; then
incEcho "The specified locale doesn't exist or isn't supported."
return 1
fi
return 0
esac
}
# User chooses the console keyboard layout (function).
keyboard_selector () {
read -r -p "Please insert the keyboard layout to use in console (enter empty to use US, or \"/\" to look up for keyboard layouts): " kblayout
case "$kblayout" in
'') kblayout="us"
print "The standard US keyboard layout will be used."
return 0;;
'/') localectl list-keymaps
clear
return 1;;
*) if ! localectl list-keymaps | grep -Fxq "$kblayout"; then
incEcho "The specified keymap doesn't exist."
return 1
fi
print "Changing console layout to $kblayout."
loadkeys "$kblayout"
return 0
esac
}
# Welcome screen.
print "
======================================================================
███████╗ █████╗ ███████╗██╗ ██╗ █████╗ ██████╗ ██████╗██╗ ██╗
██╔════╝██╔══██╗██╔════╝╚██╗ ██╔╝ ██╔══██╗██╔══██╗██╔════╝██║ ██║
█████╗ ███████║███████╗ ╚████╔╝█████╗███████║██████╔╝██║ ███████║
██╔══╝ ██╔══██║╚════██║ ╚██╔╝ ╚════╝██╔══██║██╔══██╗██║ ██╔══██║
███████╗██║ ██║███████║ ██║ ██║ ██║██║ ██║╚██████╗██║ ██║
╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝╚══════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝
======================================================================
"
print "Welcome to easy-arch, a script made in order to simplify the process of installing Arch Linux."
# Setting up keyboard layout.
until keyboard_selector; do : ; done
# Choosing the target for the installation.
print "Available disks for the installation (this is the disk where Arch Linux is going to be installed on):"
PS3="Please select the number of the corresponding disk (e.g. 1): "
select ENTRY in $(lsblk -dpnoNAME|grep -P "/dev/sd|nvme|vd");
do
DISK="$ENTRY"
print "Arch Linux will be installed to $DISK."
break
done
# Warn user about deletion of old partition scheme.
echo -en "${BOLD}${BRED}This will delete the current partition table on $DISK once installation starts. Do you agree [y/N]?:${RESET} "
read -r disk_response
if ! [[ "${disk_response,,}" =~ ^(yes|y)$ ]]; then
print "Quitting."
exit
fi
# Setting up LUKS password.
until lukspass_selector; do : ; done
# Setting up the kernel.
until kernel_selector; do : ; done
# User choses the network.
until network_selector; do : ; done
# User choses the locale.
until locale_selector; do : ; done
# User choses the hostname.
until hostname_selector; do : ; done
# User sets up the user/root passwords.
until userpass_selector; do : ; done
until rootpass_selector; do : ; done
# Deleting old partition scheme.
print "Wiping $DISK."
wipefs -af "$DISK" &>/dev/null
sgdisk -Zo "$DISK" &>/dev/null
# Creating a new partition scheme.
print "Creating the partitions on $DISK."
parted -s "$DISK" \
mklabel gpt \
mkpart ESP fat32 1MiB 513MiB \
set 1 esp on \
mkpart CRYPTROOT 513MiB 100% \
ESP="/dev/disk/by-partlabel/ESP"
CRYPTROOT="/dev/disk/by-partlabel/CRYPTROOT"
# Informing the Kernel of the changes.
print "Informing the Kernel about the disk changes."
partprobe "$DISK"
# Formatting the ESP as FAT32.
print "Formatting the EFI Partition as FAT32."
mkfs.fat -F 32 "$ESP" &>/dev/null
# Creating a LUKS Container for the root partition.
print "Creating LUKS Container for the root partition."
echo -n "$password" | cryptsetup luksFormat "$CRYPTROOT" -d - &>/dev/null
echo -n "$password" | cryptsetup open "$CRYPTROOT" cryptroot -d -
BTRFS="/dev/mapper/cryptroot"
# Formatting the LUKS Container as BTRFS.
print "Formatting the LUKS container as BTRFS."
mkfs.btrfs "$BTRFS" &>/dev/null
mount "$BTRFS" /mnt
# Creating BTRFS subvolumes.
print "Creating BTRFS subvolumes."
subvols=(snapshots var_pkgs var_log home root srv)
for subvol in '' "${subvols[@]}"; do
btrfs su cr /mnt/@"$subvol" &>/dev/null
done
# Mounting the newly created subvolumes.
umount /mnt
print "Mounting the newly created subvolumes."
mountopts="ssd,noatime,compress-force=zstd:3,discard=async"
mount -o "$mountopts",subvol=@ "$BTRFS" /mnt
mkdir -p /mnt/{home,root,srv,.snapshots,var/{log,cache/pacman/pkg},boot}
for subvol in "${subvols[@]:2}"; do
mount -o "$mountopts",subvol=@"$subvol" "$BTRFS" /mnt/"${subvol//_//}"
done
chmod 750 /mnt/root
mount -o "$mountopts",subvol=@snapshots "$BTRFS" /mnt/.snapshots
mount -o "$mountopts",subvol=@var_pkgs "$BTRFS" /mnt/var/cache/pacman/pkg
chattr +C /mnt/var/log
mount "$ESP" /mnt/boot/
# Pacstrap (setting up a base sytem onto the new root).
print "Installing the base system (it may take a while)."
pacstrap /mnt --needed base $kernel $microcode linux-firmware $kernel-headers btrfs-progs grub grub-btrfs rsync efibootmgr snapper reflector base-devel snap-pac zram-generator &>/dev/null
# Setting up the hostname.
echo "$hostname" > /mnt/etc/hostname
# Generating /etc/fstab.
print "Generating a new fstab."
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
# Configure selected locale and console keymap
sed -i "/^#$locale/s/^#//" /mnt/etc/locale.gen
echo "LANG=$locale" > /mnt/etc/locale.conf
echo "KEYMAP=$kblayout" > /mnt/etc/vconsole.conf
# Setting hosts file.
print "Setting hosts file."
cat > /mnt/etc/hosts <<EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost
127.0.1.1 $hostname.localdomain $hostname
EOF
# Checking the microcode to install.
microcode_detector
# Virtualization check.
virt_check
# Setting up the network.
network_installer
# Configuring /etc/mkinitcpio.conf.
print "Configuring /etc/mkinitcpio.conf."
cat > /mnt/etc/mkinitcpio.conf <<EOF
HOOKS=(systemd autodetect keyboard sd-vconsole modconf block sd-encrypt filesystems)
EOF
# Setting up LUKS2 encryption in grub.
print "Setting up grub config."
UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value $CRYPTROOT)
sed -i "\,^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"\",s,\",&rd.luks.name=$UUID=cryptroot root=$BTRFS," /mnt/etc/default/grub
# Configuring the system.
print "Configuring the system (timezone, system clock, initramfs, Snapper, GRUB)."
arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash -e <<EOF
# Setting up timezone.
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$(curl -s http://ip-api.com/line?fields=timezone) /etc/localtime &>/dev/null
# Setting up clock.
hwclock --systohc
# Generating locales.
locale-gen &>/dev/null
# Generating a new initramfs.
mkinitcpio -P &>/dev/null
# Snapper configuration.
umount /.snapshots
rm -r /.snapshots
snapper --no-dbus -c root create-config /
btrfs subvolume delete /.snapshots &>/dev/null
mkdir /.snapshots
mount -a &>/dev/null
chmod 750 /.snapshots
# Installing GRUB.
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/ --bootloader-id=GRUB &>/dev/null
# Creating grub config file.
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg &>/dev/null
EOF
# Setting root password.
print "Setting root password."
echo "root:$rootpass" | arch-chroot /mnt chpasswd
# Setting user password.
if [[ -n "$username" ]]; then
echo "%wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL" > /mnt/etc/sudoers.d/wheel
print "Adding the user $username to the system with root privilege."
arch-chroot /mnt useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash "$username"
print "Setting user password for $username."
echo "$username:$userpass" | arch-chroot /mnt chpasswd
fi
# Boot backup hook.
print "Configuring /boot backup when pacman transactions are made."
mkdir /mnt/etc/pacman.d/hooks
cat > /mnt/etc/pacman.d/hooks/50-bootbackup.hook <<EOF
[Trigger]
Operation = Upgrade
Operation = Install
Operation = Remove
Type = Path
Target = usr/lib/modules/*/vmlinuz
[Action]
Depends = rsync
Description = Backing up /boot...
When = PostTransaction
Exec = /usr/bin/rsync -a --delete /boot /.bootbackup
EOF
# ZRAM configuration.
print "Configuring ZRAM."
cat > /mnt/etc/systemd/zram-generator.conf <<EOF
[zram0]
zram-size = min(ram, 8192)
EOF
# Pacman eye-candy features.
print "Enabling colours, animations, and parallel downloads for pacman."
sed -Ei 's/^#(Color)$/\1\nILoveCandy/;s/^#(ParallelDownloads).*/\1 = 10/' /mnt/etc/pacman.conf
# Enabling various services.
print "Enabling Reflector, automatic snapshots, BTRFS scrubbing and systemd-oomd."
services=(reflector.timer snapper-timeline.timer snapper-cleanup.timer btrfs-scrub@-.timer btrfs-scrub@home.timer btrfs-scrub@var-log.timer btrfs-scrub@\\x2esnapshots.timer grub-btrfs.path systemd-oomd)
for service in '' "${services[@]}"; do
systemctl enable "$service" --root=/mnt &>/dev/null
done
# Finishing up.
print "Done, you may now wish to reboot (further changes can be done by chrooting into /mnt)."
exit
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